4. Disaster Management
 |
| Disaster Management |
Questions & Answers
1.How do you define disaster management and name some natural disasters ?A. Madhavi Latha compiled the particulars of disaster management in the essay ‘Disaster Management’. It is informative and useful. Disaster management is a situation in which we encounter the disturbed and uncontrollable have caused by calamities. Disasters can be divided into two. Natural disasters and man made disasters. Disasters like Tsunamis, Floods, Hurricanes, Earthquakes, Volcano eruptions etc are called the natural disasters. One cannot control these disasters but one has to utilise the sources to withstand the havoc caused by this. It can be called disaster management.
2.Illustrate the difference between natural disasters and man made disasters.
Dr. A . Madhavi Latha compiled the particulars of disaster management in the essay “Disaster Management”. It is informative and useful. Disaster Management is a situation in which we encounter the disturbances and uncontrollable havoc caused by calamities. Natural disasters are caused by nature itself. Tsunamis, Floods, Hurricanes, Earthquakes, Volcano eruptions and such others happen because of the movements of the universe. They cannot be controlled and no one can be blamed for these things. They happen in their own way and the only way is to manage them accordingly. But man made disasters are different. Gas leakages, Oil spills, Nuclear problems, Industrial fire accidents are caused because of the negligence and carelessness. Bhopal gas leakage caused deaths and disorders. Oil spills from various oil refineries, nuclear problems caused by mismanagement, Fire accidents in industrial areas are some of the man made disasters. Such disasters could be controlled by man, if he is a bit careful, NMDA and other institutions are doing the needful.
3. Write about Bhopal gas leak disaster.
Dr. A. Madhavi Latha compiled the particulars of diaster management in the essay “Disaster Management’. It is informative and useful. There are two kinds of disasters we experience in our day to day life, Natural disasters and Man made disasters. One of the man made disasters is Bhopal Gas leak disaster. It was a gruesome situation created by this leakage. It happened because of human failure in managing the technology. In the year 1984, Poisonous gas from a business concern in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh was leaked. 50,000 people were affected by it. There were severe problems with lungs, eyes and skin. Many people became disabled. Some of the sufferers are alive to-day. This gruesome situation was caused because of negligence and carelessness. The Bhopal Gas leakage disaster, should become a warning for future times.
4. What are the necessary steps that NIDM is taking up to manage disaster ?
Dr. A. Madhavi Latha compiled the particulars of disaster Management in the essay “Disaster Management”. It is informative and useful. Disaster management is essential. Through natural disasters and man made disasters the world is in a havoc. So disaster management, is being maintained by some institutions like NIDM. Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery is organising machinery for planning and policy making. NIDM incollaboration with the World Bank offers online courses for disaster management. Awareness and preparedness, along with skills and competency is the main aim of this institute. There are many centres to help the Indian people in attaining knowledge in this area. Thus they help us to have the view of prevention, preparedness and mitigation.
Annotations
1. India is one of the most disaster prone countries in the world.Context: This line is taken from the essay “Disaster Management” compiled by Dr. A. Madhavi Latha. It is about disaster management. The essay is informative and useful.
Explanation: In the beginning of the essay, the writer points out that India’s geographical features are fitting to get natural disasters. Tsunamis, Floods, Hurricanes, Earthquakes and others are caused by natural calamities. There is a vast coastline around the country. Natural disasters occur because of the imbalance in ecosystem and they are very much possible at the sea side. Bay of Bengal and Arabian sea cause this disaster and so there are frequent disasters.
Explanation: It is natural that the oceans move according to the weather and other changes inside. One has to know that India is disaster related land. So disaster management is essential here.
2. India Meteorological Department has strengthened India’s capacity to prepare for and cope with disasters.
Context: This line is taken from the essay “Disaster Management” compiled by Dr. A. Madhavi Latha. It is about disaster management. The essay is informative and useful. .
Explanation: The writer gives a definition for disaster management. Then she wants to tell about the Meteorological Department. Disaster management is a great subject useful for the whole of the world. NIDM was started and some important steps to have awareness, preparedness and mitigation have been take up. Forecast and warning information are given to save people in havoc. Software application also is arranged by these institutions. So this department is doing a lot for the disaster management.
General Relevance: When there is a problem for the people, it is to be addressed by the government. Here the Meteorological department of the government of this country is working for the safety of the people and so it leads an important role in disaster management.
Context: This line is taken from the essay “Disaster Management” compiled by Dr. A. Madhavi Latha. It is about disaster management. The essay is informative and useful. .
Explanation: The writer gives a definition for disaster management. Then she wants to tell about the Meteorological Department. Disaster management is a great subject useful for the whole of the world. NIDM was started and some important steps to have awareness, preparedness and mitigation have been take up. Forecast and warning information are given to save people in havoc. Software application also is arranged by these institutions. So this department is doing a lot for the disaster management.
General Relevance: When there is a problem for the people, it is to be addressed by the government. Here the Meteorological department of the government of this country is working for the safety of the people and so it leads an important role in disaster management.
3.Tsunami-genic earthquake was one of the ten worst earthquakes in recorded history and was also single worst Tsunami in History.
Context: This line is taken from the essay “Disaster Management” compiled by Dr. A. Madhavi Latha. It is about disaster management. The essay is informative and useful.
Explanation: While elaborating the topic of Tsunami’, the writer gives a clear picture of the tidal wave. The earthquake of 2004 which was called Tsunami, had a mysterious history of its own. It was one of the worst Tsunamis, so far experienced. It was beyond the assessment of the experts. The warning system could not sense it. There after it led the department to establish advanced technology for safety. Many countries were alerted because of this. If stands in the history as the worst ever experienced Tsunami.
General Relevance: The loss by the Tsunami disaster was really a shock for the experts ever. Many countries were hit badly and it awakened all. It has become a historical affect to mankind.
4. National Institute of Disaster Management (NIDM) online courses are the first of its kind in India and help different users in acquiring knowledge in the subject.
Context: This line is taken from the essay “Disaster Management” compiled by Dr. A. Madhavi Latha. It is about disaster management. The essay is informative and useful.
Explanation: The writer concludes that disaster management is taken up on a large scale and certain institutions also were started to be useful in this field. One such institute is the NIDM. The main aim of this organisation is to educate people with information needed for disaster management. For this the institute arranged online courses giving knowledge about these calamities. It is the first one arranged by any such welfare institute. Not only India but also several other countries are being benefited by this arrangement. This shows the importance of the disaster management at each level.
General Relevance: Institutions arranged to bring down the disastrous conditions, do a lot of service to the people. Such arrangements are to be encouraged by the government.
Context: This line is taken from the essay “Disaster Management” compiled by Dr. A. Madhavi Latha. It is about disaster management. The essay is informative and useful.
Explanation: The writer concludes that disaster management is taken up on a large scale and certain institutions also were started to be useful in this field. One such institute is the NIDM. The main aim of this organisation is to educate people with information needed for disaster management. For this the institute arranged online courses giving knowledge about these calamities. It is the first one arranged by any such welfare institute. Not only India but also several other countries are being benefited by this arrangement. This shows the importance of the disaster management at each level.
General Relevance: Institutions arranged to bring down the disastrous conditions, do a lot of service to the people. Such arrangements are to be encouraged by the government.
Reading Comprehensions
I. Read the passage given below and answer the questions.
The National Disaster Management Authority has been constituted under the Disaster Management, Act 2005, with the Prime Minister of India as its Chairman; a Vice Chairman with the status of Cabinet Minister, and eight members with the status of Ministers of State. With well-defined functional domains for each of its members and concern to carry out the mandated functions, NDMA has evolved into a lean and professional organization which is IT-enabled and knowledge based specialists are extensively used to address disaster related issues. A functional and operational infrastructure has been built, which is appropriate for disaster management involving uncertainties coupled with desired plans of action. NDMA also has the National Disaster Management Operations Centre which will be equipped with a state-of-the-art-resilient and redundant communication systems, NDMA also carries out the tasks of capacity development, training and knowledge management.Questions and Answers
1. Under which Act is Disaster Management Authority constituted ?Disaster Management Act, 2005.
2. Who is generally the chairman of Disaster Management Authority ?
The Prime Minister of India.
3. How many Ministers of the state can be members of NDMA ?
Eight Ministers of state can be the members of NDMA.
4. What are the aspects that the NDMA secretariat deals with ?
It deals with tasks of capacity development, training and knowledge management.
5. What part of speech of the word ‘extensively’.
Adverb.
II. Read the following passage and answer the questions given below.
The ‘Swachh Bharat Abhiyan’ is a massive mass movement that seeks to create a Clean India. To accelerate the efforts to achieve universal sanitation coverage and to put focus on sanitation, the Prime Minister of India, launched the Swachh Bharat Mission on 2 October 2014. The Mission Co-ordinator shall be Secretary, Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation (MDWS) with two Sub-Missions-the Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) and the Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban). The Mission aims to achieve a Swachh Bharat by 2019, ‘Swachchata’ (cleanliness) of our motherland as a fitting tribute to Mahatma Gandhi on his 150th brith anniversary.Hon’ble Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh has established Swachha Andhra Corporation (SAC) which was incorporated from 1st May 2015 with a goal to achieve the campaign “Swachh Bharat Mission”. The main aim is to eliminating open defecation, eradication of manual scavenging, Solid and Liquid Waste Management, Information, Education and Communication and Capacity Building activities to maintain the cleanliness and hygiene in urban and rural areas of Andhra Pradesh. Swachha Andhra Corporation is taking up the activities of construction of Individual Household Toilets, Community Toilets and Public Toilets.
Sources : 1. http://sac.ap.gov.in/sác/
2. https://swachhbharat.mygov.in/basic-page/take-pledge
Questions and Answers
1. What are the two, Sub-Missions of Swachh Bharat Mission ?The Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) and the Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban).
2. What is the best tribute that we can pay to Mahatma Gandhi ?
Swachchata (cleanliness) of the motherland is a fitting tribute that we can pay.
3. What is the goal of Swachh Andhra Corporation ?
The goal is to achieve the campaign “Swachh Bharat Mission”.
4. Write the antonym of ‘liquid’ from the above passage.
Solid.
5. Pick out the relevant synonym for ‘hygiene’
Cleanliness.
